Complete Division 1 Bracket Breakdown
By Spencer Flaten, lead writer
The regular season is wrapped up, which means the playoffs are right around the corner. Well over 100 teams will take the field with the dream of lifting the golden trophy at Fox Cities Stadium on June 18th. In commemoration of the spectacle that is the postseason, here’s a comprehensive breakdown of the Division 1 bracket, sectional by sectional. Use it to help you fill out your bracket for our Rawlings Hitters Bracket Challenge, or to simply learn more about all of the action. Let’s get started.
First, some general tips about the bracket:
Be careful when picking the games between #5 seeds and #12 seeds. Last year, the 12 seeds won three out of eight first round games, or roughly 38% of the matchups. It was the most common upset in Division 1 last year.
Think the top seeds are a lock to make the state tournament? Think again. Last year, only five of the eight top seeds made it to Fox Cities Stadium in Division 1. Last year, when #1 seeds played teams that were seeded #4 or lower, the lower seeded team won 38% of the time.
Finally, #2 seeds struck out when attempting to take down the top seeds last year. In three matchups, the #1 seed won each time.
Now, let’s take an in-depth look at each sectional in Division 1.
Sectional #1
Team to watch: Marshfield
The breakdown:
This sectional doesn’t feature any teams ranked in the top 10 of our rankings, but there are some quality teams to be found.
River Falls was awarded the top seed after playing their way to over 15 wins. They have beaten many of the teams in this sectional already this year, including 4th seed Eau Claire Memorial, 5th seed Eau Claire North, and 6th seed Chippewa Falls. This team just finds ways to win, plain and simple. They got the #1 seed for a reason.
Stevens Point has done really well this season considering how many key players they lost from last year. They finished the season (up to this Thursday) 18-6, which was good enough to claim the #2 seed. The lineup is composed of guys who have experience playing at a high level, including Andrew Ruzek, Trev Anderson, and DJ Drohner. Wabash Valley Junior College signee Alex Lee will be a key pitcher for the Panthers. He packs a fastball that hits the upper 80s and has been part of a pitching staff that gave up less than 15 earned runs in conference play this year. Ultimately, the Panthers have aptly prepared themselves for the postseason with their schedule this season. They’ve played games against teams like La Crosse Aquinas (the top team in Division 3), Green Bay Preble (the #2 seed in sectional #2), and Ashwaubenon (the #5 seed in sectional #2).
Third-seeded Marshfield is scorching hot coming into the playoffs. They finished the regular season on a 10 game winning streak (based on results up to Thursday) and climbed up to 2nd place in the WVC. They have already beaten the likes of 4th seed Eau Claire Memorial and 5th seed Eau Claire North this season. They may be playing well enough to make a deep run this postseason.
Fourth-seeded Eau Claire Memorial has proven to be a dangerous team on their day this season. They beat top-seeded River Falls in early May, and also have wins over Eau Claire North and La Crosse Central (#4 seed in sectional #3). Overall, their record this year was 17-8, so the Old Abes should feel confident in their ability to compete in this sectional.
Eau Claire North started the year ranked #3 in our preseason rankings, but they haven’t quite lived up to expectations. They ended up with a 15-6 record and got the #5 seed as a result. One could argue that they haven’t beaten any top-tier teams this year, but they’re still a dangerous team. Iowa commit Adam LaRock helps both the offense and the pitching staff, while other players such as Isaac Gibson (honorable mention all-state last year), Caleb Hurt, and Nate Sorenson produce runs for the Huskies.
As a whole, this sectional is pretty much wide open. River Falls and Stevens Point are the favorites, but they can certainly be given a run for their money by the other teams.
Sectional #2
Team to watch: Green Bay East/West
The breakdown:
Top-seeded Bay Port is the strong favorite to win sectional #2. The Pirates finished the regular season 21-4. They were the FRCC champions, and they feature two future NCAA Division 1 pitchers (Connor Hock and Dakota Klein) in their squad, in addition to several high quality position players like utility man Joe Baier (batting average over .450 in conference play this year), outfielder Zach Abfall (average over .500 in conference play), and catcher Tucker Noe (average over .425 in conference play). Hock (sub-1 ERA in conference play) and Klein (2.00 ERA in conference play with limited innings) can dominate on the mound and carry the Pirates to the state tournament for the fourth consecutive year. It doesn’t hurt that the Pirates may have the best offense in Division 1 too.
Green Bay Preble received the #2 seed after finishing in the top 3 in the FRCC (depending on results at the end of the week). They started out the season really well, going 14-4 in their first 18 games. They have cooled off somewhat since then, as they finished the season on a 2-4 stretch (based on results up until Thursday). They’re led by guys like Ryan Dougherty (batting average over .400 in conference play) and Andy Peterik (average over .350 in conference play), and they have a number of pitchers that they can turn to with confidence. On their day, the Hornets can be really competitive with anyone.
Ashwaubenon finished in the top 4 of the FRCC to earn the #5 seed. They had an up and down season, but they finished on a downward spiral. They went 4-5 over their last nine games. They do have some individual performers who can help win games like Zak Imig (batting average over .450 in conference play) and Turner Wittig (average over .450, sub-3 ERA in conference play).
Wausau West had a solid regular season which saw them finish with a 12-8 record (up until Thursday) and in 3rd place in the Wisconsin Valley Conference. They have already played games against teams in this sectional, such as Antigo, D.C. Everest, and Rhinelander, so they will have a good feel for some of their potential opponents. They have some quality players in their squad, such as 2014 1st team all-WVC infielder Kevin Conley and outfielder Jacob Raeder.
Green Bay East/West is our team to watch in sectional #2. The team had one of their best seasons in the last few years (they finished above .500 for the first time in a while). Their key group of players can provide performances that could lead to potential upsets in the playoffs. Noah Robinson (batting average over .400 in conference play) and Trent Bauer (average over .350 in conference play) have led the offense this year and on the mound they have Winona State commit Jake Watzka (sub-3 ERA in conference play) and sophomore Max Van Boxel (sub-3 ERA in conference play) that provide a good one-two punch that is vital in the playoffs. Watzka tossed a one-hitter and struck out 18 against #2 seed Green Bay Preble on May 28th. If that’s any indication of how he’ll pitch in the playoffs, watch out everyone else.
Pulaski had a good season too. They finished 12-9 overall and in the top 5 of the FRCC. They have a number of solid hitters, but they’ll need another pitcher to step up behind Conrad Feivor (sub-2 ERA in conference play) if they’re going to make a deep run in the postseason.
Overall, sectional #2 is Bay Port’s to lose. They have played many of the teams in this sectional in the regular season, and beat most of them pretty handily. They have the talent to make it to their fourth straight state tournament, they just need to execute. If they don’t, there are a number of teams who will be able to pull off an upset and make a bid to play in Appleton.
Sectional #3
Team to watch: Madison Memorial
The breakdown:
This sectional is a little bit weaker than most of the others. Top seeded DeForest and #2 seed Baraboo both had excellent seasons, but beyond them, the field is a little less intimidating.
DeForest won the Badger North this season and had an overall record of 17-6-1. Their résumé features wins over teams like Badger South champions Oregon, Baraboo (twice), Portage (twice), and Lodi. Their roster has several former all-conference players, including Logan Michaels, Alex Oliver, Dryden Van Schoyck, and Garret Kertz. The Norskies don’t give up many runs. They only surrendered more than four runs in a game on five occasions this year. Pitching wins games in high school baseball, so that definitely works in their favor.
Baraboo got the #2 seed and finished the year with an 18-6 record (as of Thursday). The Thunderbirds have a similar résumé to DeForest, but they weren’t able to beat the Norskies in the regular season. Their offense, which scored 8.46 runs per game this year, is definitely their biggest strength. If they can get some good performances on the mound in the playoffs, they will compete for state tournament berth.
The rest of the field is a step below the top two seeds, at least on paper. La Crosse Logan earned the three seed, but they finished the season with only 11 wins and 10 losses (as of Thursday). They do have some nice wins over teams like La Crosse Central, but their résumé won’t blow anybody away. They finished the season on a somewhat cold streak, but that came immediately after they pulled off a six game winning streak. When the Rangers pitch well, they have a good chance in any game. That’ll be key for Logan.
Madison Memorial’s 10-15 record may not be the greatest in the state, but it is a little bit deceiving. The Spartans have come very close to beating some of the top teams they’ve faced, and have even managed to claim a couple of victories against some. They beat Oconomowoc (#3 seed in sectional #6), Beloit Memorial (#4 seed in sectional #5), and Verona (#3 seed in sectional #5). They suffered one-run defeats to Janesville Craig (the top seed in sectional #5), Sun Prairie (#2 seed in sectional #6), Westosha Central (#4 seed in sectional #8), and Janesville Parker (#2 seed in sectional #5). If they can figure out how to win close games like those, the Spartans are capable of pulling off an upset over just about anyone in this sectional.
While this sectional may not be as deep as some of the others, it still will play host to some competitive games. Whoever emerges as sectional champion will play the champion of sectional #5, which has some top-tier teams.
Sectional #4
Team to watch: Hortonville
The breakdown:
This sectional is tough. Really tough. It’s probably the most stacked sectional in terms of talent and top teams in Division 1. The top five seeds have all spent time in our rankings at some point this season, and most have been ranked all year.
Top seeded Kimberly may have played the toughest schedule of any team in Wisconsin, and they came out relatively unscathed with a 20-4 record. They beat teams like Sun Prairie (#2 seed in sectional #6), Appleton North (twice), Oshkosh North, West De Pere, Hortonville, and Green Bay Preble (#2 seed in sectional #2). In addition, they are the champions of the Fox Valley Association this spring. The Papermakers were the state runners-up last year, and that experience should help them this June. Their pitching staff composed of Brice Swick, Griffin Hawley, and Ethan Taggart has limited opponents to 1.9 runs per game this year, which bodes well for the Papermakers in a sectional filled with powerful offenses.
Oshkosh North went 19-7 this season and finished in 2nd place in the FVA despite playing a tough schedule. This earned them the #2 seed. They have a talented and experienced squad this spring. They were knocked out in the sectional finals last June, and that has motivated them all season. Their résumé features wins over the likes of #1 seed Kimberly, #4 seed Appleton North, #5 seed Hortonville (twice), and narrow losses to Watertown (#1 seed in sectional #6) and Arrowhead (#1 seed in sectional #7). UCONN signee Alex Hintze has been their ace for a few years now, and he’ll be their go-to guy this postseason. Hitters like Sam Hawley, Brandon Schroeder, and Will Clark have helped the Spartans to score enough runs to win a lot of games, but North really shines on the mound. They only give up an average of 2.3 runs per game, and if they can continue that trend in the playoffs, they’ll be in excellent shape.
West De Pere, the #3 seed, finished the season winning 16 of 18 games (as of Thursday) after starting 3-3. The Phantoms are the co-champions of the Bay Conference this year. They’ve beaten teams like Denmark and Notre Dame (both #1 seeds in Division 2) as well as Pulaski (#3 seed in sectional #2). Still, their schedule hasn’t been as tough as some of the other teams in the sectional. What they may have lacked in strength of schedule they make up for in talent. Illinois signee Brendan Meissner has been their ace all season long, and the offense is composed of several all-conference caliber players like Matt Bald, Reece Lade, and Beau Mommaerts. The Phantoms are a threat to every team in this bracket.
Appleton North has a very talented squad, but they have struggled against some of the top teams in this sectional. They went 3-5 this year against the top six seeds in their bracket. Still, it’s hard to count out the Lightning with the talent they have. Their pitching staff is very evenly balanced with several guys that can be relied on, including Kent State signee Connor Wollersheim (sub-2 ERA), Gonzaga commit Taylor Borchers (sub-3 ERA), and former all-conference pitcher Jack Harvath (sub-3 ERA). Their collective team ERA is below three and that speaks to the depth of their staff. Offensively, Tyce Wheeler and Nebraska signee Alex Henwood have both hit around .400 this year, while several other starters have batting averages above .300.
Hortonville may be the best #5 seed in the state. The Polar Bears went 18-7 this season and finished in 4th place in the highly competitive FVA. This year they have beaten #1 seed Kimberly, #4 seed Appleton North, and #6 seed De Pere. There was a stretch from late April to early May where they won nine consecutive games, although they have cooled off a little bit since then (they dropped three of their last six). Hortonville has as good a chance as any of the other top seeds in this sectional to get to the state tourney.
Sixth-seeded De Pere had an up and down season. They finished 12-14 and in the middle of the FRCC. They do have the talent to win a game against teams in the sectional though. Lewis University commit Connor Rutherford (batting average over .330 in conference play) and Upper Iowa University commit Emmett Kulick (average over .290 in conference play) are key cogs in the lineup. Tyler Rouze has been a workhorse for the Redbirds on the mound with over 30 innings pitched and an ERA around 3 in conference play.
Whichever team emerges from this sectional will have another tough game on their hands in the state quarterfinals. They’ll have to face the champion of sectional #8, which is arguably the next toughest sectional. The old saying goes “You have to beat the best to be the best.” That’s certainly the case for the teams in this sectional.
Sectional #5
Team to watch: Janesville Parker
The breakdown:
Janesville Craig won the Big 8 this season, dethroning five time defending champion Sun Prairie. They finished with a 23-1 record and got the top seed in the sectional. Their résumé is full of quality wins. Here are a few teams they’ve beaten this year: #2 seed Janesville Parker (twice), #3 seed Verona (twice), #4 seed Beloit Memorial (twice), #6 seed Oregon, and Sun Prairie, the #2 seed in sectional #6. Alex Marro has been resurgent on the mound this year and established himself as an ace. In the lineup, there are several all-conference level players who can knock the ball all over the park. McCauley Cox, Nick Blomgren, and Kevin Brandt have all helped the team score an average of 8.25 runs per game. The Cougars only give up 2.4 runs per game, which means they’ll be very tough to beat.
Janesville Parker recovered from a somewhat sluggish start to the year to finish in 3rd place in the Big 8 and get the #2 seed. The Vikings started the season 3-3, but finished on a 14-4 run. They were state semifinalists a year ago, and that experience will help them out this year. They have an established ace on the mound in Hunter Van Zandt (a preseason 2nd Team All-Wisconsinite here on WBC). The offense is composed of guys like Logan Coulter (preseason 3rd Team All-Wisconsinite), UW-Whitewater commit Connor Osmond, and Madison College commit Zach Bailey. They’ve already beaten many of the teams in this sectional, but it remains to be seen if that will carry over to the playoffs.
Verona had a record of 14-10, which was good for the #3 seed. They have a pretty talented squad composed of guys like Arkansas commit Ben Rortvedt and Gonzaga commit Keaton Knueppel. Knueppel will be a key pitcher for the Wildcats, while Rortvedt will power the offense. Verona has struggled against the top seeds in this sectional all year, but they do have wins over the likes of Sun Prairie and #4 seed Beloit Memorial. It’ll be interesting to see if the Wildcats are able to beat one of the Janesville schools, should that matchup take place.
Beloit Memorial had won 10 out of 11 at one point in the season, but they cooled off in a hurry towards the end of the year. They lost 8 of their last 11, which is certainly not the way they wanted to go into the postseason. They’ll need to regain their midseason form if they want to make a deep run.
5th seed Madison West has to like their draw in the bracket. They face #12 Fort Atkinson to start, and then a matchup with dwindling Beloit Memorial potentially awaits. Harvard signee Simon Rosenblum-Larson is their ace on the mound, and guys like University of St. Thomas commit Rock Cates helped the Regents score a healthy average of 5.6 runs per game.
Oregon won the Badger South this year and took home the #6 seed in the playoffs. They were unable to beat any of the top 5 seeds they faced this year, but if they’re on the top of their game they should be able to pull off and upset. McHenry County Junior College commit Mitch Weber is a good pitcher on the mound, and the Panthers will rely on him to help them advance.
Stoughton has guys who can really hit the ball, including players like Kansas State signee Cade Bunnell (average over .400), Alex Zacharias (average over .350), Alec Showers (average over .400), and Brady Wanninger (average over .280). However, their pitching has been a weakness. Beyond Zacharias (ERA just over 3.00), no pitcher has been consistent enough to win games as a #2 guy. That’s a big reason they struggled this year and got the #8 seed.
Janesville Craig is the favorite to win this sectional, as they’ve beaten many of the other teams in their bracket already this season. They’ll have a target on their back though, and it certainly won’t be an easy sectional to navigate through.
Sectional #6
Team to watch: Beaver Dam
The breakdown:
Watertown got the top seed in the sectional thanks to their 18-7 record and 2nd place finish in the Wisconsin Little Ten. Over the course of the year, they have beaten top teams like Oshkosh North (#2 seed in sectional #4) and Janesville Parker (#2 seed in sectional #5). They also have wins over the top seeds in this sectional, including #3 Oconomowoc, #4 Beaver Dam, and #5 Hartford Union. The Goslings really shine on the mound: They have only given up more than four runs five times this year. Pitching wins championships, so that will definitely work in Watertown’s favor if they can continue that trend.
Sun Prairie failed to get the #1 seed in their sectional for the first time since 2008 this year. They still got the #2 seed and the bye that comes along with it, and they’ll have home field advantage all the way to the state tournament. The three time defending state champs are 18-7 this season and have beaten several of the top teams in the state, including Bay Port (#1 seed in sectional #2), Kenosha Bradford (#1 seed in sectional #8), Janesville Craig (#1 seed in sectional #5), and Kimberly (#1 seed in sectional #4). No other team has beaten that many #1 seeds. They have some players with state tournament experience under their belts, including pitchers Kanyon Fellers and Marquis Reuter. Offensively, players like Mike Brekke (named a preseason 1st Team All-Wisconsinite here at WBC), Drew Hamilton, and Coby Oswalt all have made deep tournament runs in their careers. Expect the Cardinals to be a very tough team to beat this postseason.
Oconomowoc had a season full of ups and downs. They started out the year on fire, winning ten of their first eleven games. The second half of the season was a little bit tougher for the Raccoons though. They finished on a 7-6 run. Still, they have wins over #1 Watertown, #2 Sun Prairie, #4 Beaver Dam, and #5 Hartford Union on their résumé, so they know they can beat anybody in this bracket. It’s all a matter of playing well at the right time.
Beaver Dam finished the year 15-9 after a grueling Wisconsin Little Ten season. They earned the #4 seed in the sectional. They don’t have too many hitters that will blast the ball around the park, but as a collective unit they form a potent offense. Ryan Kaul (batting average over .340, 20+RBIs) and Laine Yagodinski (batting average over .370, 15+RBIs) are their two big boppers in the lineup, but many other starters have respectable batting averages above .270. Matt Berg has been a workhorse on the mound for the Beavers. He has started double digit games and posted a sub-3 ERA. After him, they have a few pitchers they can turn to, but Nick Klavekoske (sub-3 ERA) will likely be their #2 guy.
Of the rest of the teams, Hartford Union and Sheboygan South both have upset potential thanks to the talent in their squads. Ultimately though, this sectional is pretty top heavy. It would not be surprising to see the top two seeds square off in the sectional final.
Sectional #7
Team to watch: Milwaukee Reagan
The breakdown:
There is no question who the favorite to win sectional #7 is. Top seeded Arrowhead really should win it without much of a problem. No disrespect to the other teams in the bracket, but Arrowhead is just that talented. Their pitching staff features three future NCAA Division 1 pitchers in Florida commit Nate Brown, Western Kentucky commit Ryan Schmitt, and Michigan commit Jack Bredeson. So, in theory, they can pitch a guy who would be an ace for every team in the state in each playoff game. The Division 1 talent doesn’t stop there, though. In the field, they have guys like Indiana commit Jeff Holtz and Michigan commit Dominic Clementi. The Warhawks finished the season 24-1 for a reason, folks.
It seems strange to have the team that received the #2 seed as the team to watch, but that speaks to the depth (or lack thereof) of the sectional. It’s not a stretch to say that only the top three seeds have a realistic chance of competing for the sectional championship. Milwaukee Reagan is the highest seeded Milwaukee City team at #2, and if anyone is going to take down Arrowhead before the state tournament, it would probably be them. They finished the season 15-6 thanks to a pretty talented squad. Alec Marsh, the Huskies’ top pitcher, can match any guy on Arrowhead’s staff. His fastball can touch the 90 MPH benchmark, and he struck out 18 batters in a no-hitter earlier this spring. Southpaw Michael Perez, who was a 1st team all-conference pitcher last year, will provide another option on the mound that the Huskies can be confident in. Offensively, Reagan has some good hitters too. Jacob Foshey has been one of the top players in the Milwaukee City Conference for a couple of years now, and he’s joined by guys like Caleb Downey and Andrew Johnson, who have had solid varsity careers.
Milwaukee Riverside received the #3 seed after going 16-6 this spring. They picked up some nice non-conference wins over good lower Division teams this year, such as Catholic Memorial, St. Thomas More, and Milwaukee Lutheran. It remains to be seen if those wins will help out their postseason experience. Their ace, Josiah Roundtree can pitch with the best of ‘em in the City Conference (he was a 1st team all-conference pitcher last year and posted an ERA below 2 this year). However, besides Roundtree, most of their pitchers have struggled this spring. Offensively, players like Charlie Parlier (batted over .300 both this year and last), Tyrese Mitchell (batted over .340 this year), and Max Montgomery (batted over .350 this year) will need to continue to produce for the Tigers.
It seems unlikely that any other team will beat those three teams, as the only other team to finish over .500 was Milwaukee South, who plays in the weaker division of the City Conference.
The bottom line: This is Arrowhead’s sectional to lose, no doubt about it.
Sectional #8
Team to watch: Westosha Central
The breakdown:
Sectional #8 is one of the toughest sectionals in Division 1. Any of the top five or six seeds could realistically play their way to the state tournament.
Kenosha Bradford won the Southeast Conference this year and earned the top seed. UW-Whitewater commit Kyle Schulz leads the Red Devils at the plate and on the mound. Other threats Bradford has in its lineup include Chicago State commit Vinnie Hubli and future UW-Parkside player Santino Ruffolo. The Red Devils may have started the season 2-5, but they finished out 16-2 over their last 18 games. Bradford is the hottest team in the sectional heading into postseason play.
Waterford was one of the biggest surprises of the season. The Wolverines played their way to an 18-4 record, which was good for the #2 seed. They lost two of their last four games, but started out the year 17-2. Dylan Malecki has been good for Waterford on the mound this season, as he has been throughout his varsity career. As a team, they averaged over 7 runs scored per game, which should help them out in the playoffs.
Kenosha Tremper earned the #3 seed after going 16-7 this season. They played some tough non-conference teams like Arrowhead (#1 seed in sectional #7) and Watertown (#1 seed in sectional #6). They have a number of prolific hitters in their lineup, including Louisville commit Justin Lavey (.418 batting average, 3 HRs, 26 stolen bases), Hunter Weddel (.325 average), Zach Fuhrer (.324 average), Dayton commit Jeff Steuck (.282 average), and UW-Whitewater commit Noah Jensen (.319 average). On the mound, they have a trio of pitchers they can use to shut down other teams in Jacob DeLabio (30.2 IP, 2.74 ERA), Keith Kutzler (42.2 IP, 2.46 ERA), and Andrew Freiburg (28 IP, 1.50 ERA).
Kenosha Indian Trail, the #5 seed, had a season of ups and downs. Their résumé features wins over top teams such as Arrowhead, Kenosha Tremper, and Westosha Central. However, they’ve also dropped a few winnable games. They have some elite talent in their squad, including Gavin Lux, named a Preseason 1st Team All-Wisconsinite by us at WBC, and Jared Hoerter, a Preseason 3rd Team All-Wisconsinite. The Hawks’ offense has generally been explosive this year, as they often scored 7+ runs in a game. As the #5 seed, they’ll be a serious threat to take down one of the top seeds should they square off with one of them.
Westosha Central’s Marshall and Garrett Gilbert take the “Splash Brothers” moniker to a whole new level. The two, who bat in the three and four hole for the Falcons, have combined for seven home runs this season (Marshall has four, Garrett has three) and both have great batting averages (Marshall’s is well over .400 and Garrett’s is above .350). The offensive firepower doesn’t end there though. Greg Kuhfuss (batting average over .400), Tanner Bykowski (batting average over .400), and Trent Jones (batting average over .300) all help produce runs for the Falcons too. Pitching is a little bit of a question mark for Central. Corey Hauser (sub-2 ERA) and Marshall Gilbert (sub-3.50 ERA) are some of the Falcons’ top pitchers, but beyond that they will probably need another guy to step up if they’re to get far in the bracket. Central’s 18 wins this year were no fluke though, and they’ll be a tough team to beat this postseason.
Burlington got the six seed by virtue of their 12-12 record accumulated while playing a tough schedule. The Demons finished the year much better than they started. In their first seven games they went 1-6. They recovered to finish the year on an 11-6 run. They’ll need to play at the top of their game if they’re to make a run.
Among the other seeds, there may be some potential for an early round upset, but the top five or six seeds will likely be the ones playing for the sectional title in the end.
